Water ... for Life

Water is one of the most important nutrients needed by the human body for good health and survival. It performs a vital role in digestion, absorption, metabolism, transport and utilization of nutrients. It also plays a role in the regulation of body temperature and excretion of toxins and waste products from the lungs, skin and kidneys.

The average male adult body consists of 55-60% water while the female adult body consists of about 45-50% water. Since water is the most abundant constituent of the body and functions dominantly in body processes then it should be sufficiently supplied to carry out all its functions very well.

Normally, water leaves the body through sweat, perspiration, urine, bowel movement, as well as through other body processes that cannot be seen. The total water loss per day is approximately 2.5 liters (about 10 cups) per day. On days that we perspire more like during summer, or on days that we work out, there is greater water loss. It is therefore important to replace lost water.

How do we know that we are getting enough water? As a general rule, our need for water is dictated by our thirst, and water output should balance water intake. For a more specific estimate of the requirement for water, the Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology (FNRI-DOST) recommends an intake of 1 mL/kcal of energy expenditure. For instance, an average adult man whose energy expenditure is 2490 kcal would require about 2.4 liters or 9-10 cups of water a day. Experts say that water needs may vary depending on body weight, lifestyle and environmental temperature. The younger the individual, the greater is the requirement per body weight. Active people require more water than sedentary ones, and people exposed to hot climates require more water intake.

The major sources of water are plain drinking water, beverages and soups. Fruits and vegetables are also important contributor of water to the body.

For complete information about water, as well as other nutrients for different age groups, a book on the Recommended Energy and Nutrient Intakes, Philippines 2002 edition is available at the Food and Nutrition Research Institute, General Santos Ave., Bicutan, Taguig, Metro Manila. You may also write or call: The Director, FNRI-DOST, Gen. Santos Avenue, Bicutan, Taguig, Metro Manila, Tel/Fax: 8372934, 8373164; FNRI-DOST website: http//www.fnri@dost.gov.ph.

S&T Media Release
FNRI Press Release for 2004

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