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Tinatayang siyam sa bawat sampu o 95.3% ng sambahayang Pilipino ang kumakain ng kanin kada araw. 

Ito ay ayon sa 2018-2019 Expanded National Nutrition Survey (ENNS) ng DOST-FNRI. 

Lumabas sa nasabing survey na apat na tasang lutong kanin ang nakakain ng isang miyembro ng sambahayan kada araw.
 
Dagdag pa rito, nanatiling kanin, isda, at gulay ang karaniwang diet ng mga Pilipino. 

Ayon sa National Nutrition Council (NNC), ang kanin ay nagbibigay ng kalahati ng calories na kailangan ng katawan at itinuturing na staple food o pangunahing pagkain ng bansa. 

Sa kabila ng pagkakaroon ng iba pang pagkaing mayaman sa carbohydrates o carbs kagaya ng mais at mga root crops kagaya ng patatas, kamote, ube at gabi – bigas pa rin ang pangunahing pinagkukunan ng carbohydrates ng mga Pilipino. 

Ang mga pagkaing mayaman sa carbohydrates o Go Foods ang nagbibigay ng lakas o energy sa katawan para sa mga gawain. 

Ayon pa sa resulta ng 2018-2019 ENNS, tinatayang ₱253.64 ang nagagastos ng isang karaniwang sambahayan para sa pagkain kada araw at humigit-kumulang ₱50.00 ng kanilang budget ay nakalaan para sa bigas. 

Gayunpaman, dahil sa pagtaas ng presyo ng bigas at produksyon nito, nagbigay ng paalala ang DOST-FNRI sa posibleng epekto nito sa budget at nakasanayang diet ng mga Pilipino. 

Ayon sa DOST-FNRI, bukod sa bigas, maaring subukan ng sambahayan ang iba pang pagkain na mayaman sa carbohydrates. 

Ang whole grain foods, katulad ng mais, brown rice, oatmeal, at cereals, ay mayaman sa carbs at tumutulong upang mapapababa ang kolesterol at posibilidad na pagkakaroon ng sakit sa puso at diabetes. 
Bukod dito, ang mga root crops na madalas nating makita sa nilaga at sinigang, katulad ng patatas, kamote, ube, at gabi ay nagbibigay din ng carbs na kailangan ng katawan. 

Gayunpaman, nagbabala ang DOST-FNRI na maaring magdulot ng iba’t ibang karamdaman katulad ng diabetes, poor metabolism, at pagtaas ng posibilidad ng pagkakaroon ng sakit sa puso ang sobrang carbohydrates sa katawan. 

Nagbigay din ng paalala ang Institusyon na iwasan o bawasan ang pagkain ng mga refined-carbohydrates katulad ng potato chips at iba pang mga chirchiya, pagkain at inumin na may refined sugar katulad ng cakes, doughnuts, at soft drinks, at mga processed foods katulad ng french fries at pizza. 

Dahil dito, hinihikayat ng DOST-FNRI ang lahat na bisitahin at tingnan ang website nito upang makita ang iba’t ibang Menu Guide Calendars (https://www. fnri.dost.gov.ph/index.php/tools-and-standard/fnri-menu-guide-calendar) para sa masustansya at murang food recipes. 
Dagdag pa rito, hinihikayat din ng Institusyon na bisitahin ang Pinggang Pinoy page para sa masustansya at balanseng pagkain. 

Ang Pinggang Pinoy ay nagpapakita ng tamang dami ng Go, Grow, at Glow foods na dapat kainin ng isang tao sa isang kainan upang makuha ang sapat na nutrisyon na kailangan ng katawan. 

Makikita rin sa Pinggang Pinoy ang iba’t ibang Go foods na mayaman sa carbs katulad ng tinapay, noodles, at mga root crops.


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Around one-third of Filipino households experience moderate to severe food insecurity, and 34.5% of them are from rural areas. 

This is according to the 2021 Expanded National Nutrition Survey (ENNS) of DOST-FNRI. 

Likewise, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN), states that food insecurity is when people are at risk from inadequate food consumption to meet the nutritional requirements of the body as a result of the physical absence of food, lack of social or economic access to adequate food, and poor food utilization. 

The 2021 State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI) of the FAO reported that 2.3 billion people or 29.3% of the global population were moderately or severely food insecure. 

For the FAO, this outcome highlights the intensification of the major drivers of food insecurity and malnutrition globally, such as climate extremes and economic shocks. 

According to the 2021 ENNS (DOST-FNRI), food insecurity is more visible in households with more than five individuals, having a male household head, and having a poor wealth status. 

The same survey revealed that Filipinos have different coping strategies to overcome hunger and food insecurity, especially during the pandemic. 

The top food and non-food coping strategies they employ include buying goods on credit, borrowing food, and seeking loan assistance from their relatives, neighbors, and friends. 

In addition, the DOST-FNRI also found out that households are engaged in some form of food production, such as cultivating fruit and vegetable gardens and rearing livestock. In particular, around 50% of Filipino families produce livestock and have fruit gardens, while around 60% of Filipino households have vegetable gardens. 

According to the Department of Health’s National Nutrition Council (DOH-NNC), having a food garden is an urgent call for good nutrition. Having a food garden will go a long way in bringing about socio-economic and nutritional benefits at the household level. 

Thus, the DOST-FNRI supports and encourages every family in rural and urban areas to adopt simple ways in addressing hunger and malnutrition, such as tending vegetable and fruit gardens and raising livestock or maintaining these if already established. 

In urban areas where fruits and vegetables are more expensive, households are encouraged to setup or maintain urban gardens, even in pots or recycled containers, to produce healthy and nutritious foods for their families. 

Cultivating vegetable and fruit gardens and raising livestock allow people to produce their food at a far lower cost than what is commercially-available in the markets. These can also open up additional revenue streams if they produce significant quantities of food that can be sold to neighbors.


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Inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption is a serious concern among Filipinos in all age groups including adults and older persons. 

The 2021 Expanded National Nutrition Survey (ENNS) of DOST-FNRI reported that Filipino adults consume 58 grams (g) or less than 1 cup of green leafy and non-leafy vegetables and 17 grams (g) or less than ¼ of a small-sized fruit daily. 

On the other hand, older persons consume only 57g or about 2/3 cup or a little over 1 serving of green leafy and non-leafy vegetables and 22g or less than ½ of a small-sized fruit per day. 

These results are far below the World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) recommendations of consuming at least 400g or at least 5 servings of combined fruits and vegetables daily. 

According to WHO in 2017, an estimated 3.9 million deaths worldwide were attributable to inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption. 

Moreover, the DOST-FNRI warns everyone that low fruit and vegetable consumption may increase the prevalence of malnutrition and risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). 

According to a DOST-FNRI study in 2022 that determined factors associated with the consumption of fruits and vegetables among Filipino adults, being married, employed, belonging to households with vegetable gardening, having fruit-bearing trees, and those who were meeting the recommended energy intake commonly meet and consume the recommended daily consumption of fruits and vegetables. 

The Institute strongly recommends including fruits and vegetables in the diet to avoid the risk of having NCDs, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. 

The Pinggang Pinoy shows the recommended proportions of Go, Grow, and Glow foods on a per-meal basis to get adequate intake of nutrients. 

It clearly shows that half of the plate in every meal should include fruits and vegetables to have a balanced meal, as this helps prevent weight gain and reduces the risk of obesity. 

For other information, visit the DOST-FNRI website for more nutrition-related information, delicious and nutritious recipes, and nutritious food products and food technologies.


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Osteoporosis is a growing concern among Filipino adults and the elderly.

The Department of Science and Technology – Food and Nutrition Research Institute (DOST-FNRI) reported that one of the potential contributor to poor bone health that causes osteoporosis among Filipinos is low calcium intake.

The 2021 Expanded National Nutrition Survey (ENNS) of the DOST-FNRI revealed that 97.2% of adults and 95.5% of elderly suffer from calcium deficiency. These statistics highlight the need to focus on osteoporosis awareness, diagnosis, and treatment, the DOST-FNRI emphasized.

Thus, the DOST-FNRI encourages everyone to eat calcium-rich food such as small fish, shell fish, cereals, green leafy vegetables, and dairy products.

It is also necessary to have sufficient vitamin D for efficient absorption of calcium by simply getting enough sunlight that activates vitamin D in the body, the DOST-FNRI added.

Furthermore, the DOST-FNRI recommends that the national government should intensify the food fortification program not only on milk products but other food products which can be good vehicles of calcium and vitamin D fortification.

Also, the Institute proposes that the LGUs should have a sustained effort and structured public awareness programs on the importance of bone health, initiate primary prevention programs focusing on modifiable risk factors such as nutrition and lifestyle-related behaviors, and establish diagnostic facilities like DEXA scans in their Health Centers for early detection of osteoporosis.


 

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